Containment Of The Cold War Essay - 2391 Words

Containment in its simplest form Imagine that New York City just broke out in a massive epidemic, spreading an airborne strand of the deadly virus, Ebola. The first move authorities would make in order to reduce the number of casualties, would most likely be to quarantine the virus and isolate it to a confined area. They would do this, not only so that it doesn’t spread, but also to reduce the overlying fear that is being created by the masses. This is essentially what the U.S. was trying to do with communist ideals during the cold war, they were trying to quarantine the spread of such leftist ideology, and to do so, American leaders often took desperate measures in order to ensure that communism was dissipated and secluded to the Soviet Union. This concept was used throughout history by the American diplomat, George F. Kennan which would be credited as the founder of containment. This foreign policy would be used throughout the entirety of the cold war, but one of the most prominent examples of containment was in the 1960’s where both President Eisenhower and President Kennedy tangoed with Soviet Premier, Nikita Khrushchev. Although on two separate grounds both presidents faced Cuban resistance. Eisenhower had to face the young charismatic Fidel at his finest, and faced the threat of letting Cuba establish a communist regime. Meanwhile, President Kennedy was presented with two major disasters, the bay of pigs invasion, and the Cuban missile crisis. Eisenhower and theShow MoreRelatedThe Containment Of The Cold War880 Words   |  4 PagesJuly 2016 ESSAY 5 What was the policy of â€Å"Containment† in the Cold War? How was it used and what were some of its effects both foreign and domestic? In this tense international atmosphere called the â€Å"Cold War,† the US President Harry S. Truman broke with the policy of his predecessor Franklin D. Roosevelt and redefined the outline of the foreign policy of the United States. On 12 March 1947, the US President presented to Congress his doctrine of containment, which aims to provide financial and militaryRead MoreThe Containment Of The Cold War845 Words   |  4 PagesThe Cold War started in 1945 and ended in 1961, during that time major changes were made to U.S. policy abroad, while McCarthyism targeted the Department of State at home. The Containment approach used by President Eisenhower was more effective then President Truman’s approach at containment or at the reconstruction in Europe. Containment was arguably better due to the cost advantages to the United States. Through the use of foreign policy and a system of alliances, America was able to prove it wasRead MoreThe Containment Of Communism And The Cold W ar1343 Words   |  6 PagesDuring World War II, the United States and the Soviets put their political differences aside in their need to defeat their common foe, Germany. However, even during the war against Germany, and later Japan, the political and post-war tensions between the United States and the Soviets were ever underlying and continued to grow. As both sides of the Axis allies continued to gain ground, during their victories in Europe, the questions and positioning for future world domination of political idealsRead MoreContainment Strategies During The Cold War1084 Words   |  5 PagesFebruary 2017 Containment Strategies in the Cold War During the Cold War, communism was spreading.   The three presidents Truman, Eisenhower, and Kennedy needed a way to stop it from spreading.   All Three turned to the idea of containment.   Ayers, et al. defines containment as a Policy by George F. Kennan, that started in the late 1940’s and was created to stop the spread of communism by providing economic aid, and military aid to countries opposing the Soviets.   All three cold war presidents hadRead MoreCold War Containment Or Hegemony Essay2690 Words   |  11 Pages The question of, â€Å"Was America’s actions during the Cold War containment or hegemony?† cannot be easily answered with a single source or perspective. While some attempt to justify the United States’ actions during the Cold War as necessary to preserving freedom and the American way of life through the containment of the Soviet threat, there are just as many critics on the other side of the debate that have argued that, America used the Cold War as a veil under which it expanded it’s influence andRead MoreThe Cold War Times : A Theory Of Containment1073 Words   |  5 PagesQuestion 1: During cold war times, the US’ had a theory of containment. Containment made to stop the spread of communism, because it was thought that if the US could not stop communist countries than it could work on stopping communism from spreading. In 1954, Vietnam was able to become independent from France. The country was divided along the 17th parallel, and North Vietnam and South Vietnam were created. Ho Chi Minh led North Vietnam and it had a communistic government, which was supported byRead MoreThe Cold War Times : A Theory Of Containment904 Words   |  4 PagesQuestion 1: During cold war times, the US’ had a theory of containment. Containment made to stop the spread of communism, because it was thought that if the US could not stop communist countries than it could work on stopping communism from spreading. In 1954, Vietnam was able to become independent from France. The country was divided along the 17th parallel, and North Vietnam and South Vietnam were created. Ho Chi Minh led North Vietnam and it had a communistic government, which was supported byRead More Containment Early Cold war Essay1996 Words   |  8 PagesContainment Early Cold war In the early years of the Cold War, both the Truman and Eisenhower administrations pursued a policy of containment to counter perceived Soviet aggression. Generally, the presidential administrations pursued this policy to maintain stability in the international arena, to maintain a balance of power, and also in a sense, to express disapproval of totalitarian, non-democratic regimes. Containment was expressed through a variety of policies and institutions: economic, politicalRead MoreUnited States Containment Policy During the Cold War1003 Words   |  5 PagesDuring the Cold War, Americas basic policy was that of containment of the Soviet Union. The policy of containment was based upon several principles. First, the Soviet Union wanted to spread socialism to all areas of the world. However, it was felt that the leadership of the Soviet Union felt no particular rush to accomplish their goal. The Kremlin is under no ideological compulsion to accomplish its purposes in a hurry. Li ke the Church, it is dealing in ideological concepts which are ofRead MoreContainment: Cold War and George C. Marshall Essay960 Words   |  4 Pages1. Explain the US policy of containment abroad. What were the economic, military, and political strategies of enforcing containment? Identify at least three specific programs or institutions in your response. * First laid out by George F. Kennan in 1947, Containment stated that communism needed to be contained and isolated, or it would spread to neighboring countries. This spread would allow the Domino Theory to take hold, meaning that if one country fell to communism, then each surrounding

Taking a Look at Global Outsourcing - 1407 Words

Global outsourcing has been claimed as one of the major drivers for the globalization of production. Discuss how global outsourcing benefits the firms and why firms choose to engage in outsourcing. Global outsourcing is used by companies to help enhance and develop the business. Global outsourcing also taken by a firm to help solve problems that occur in an Organizations. Global outsourcing is helping organizations to take some expertise from outside which takes outsourcing locally and internationally during the recent years. Global outsourcing is a prime example in the development of the industry. It has become common place among the companies, and the world is more global now than ever before. It is inevitable outsourcing has led to a growing demand for such items as it contracts or contract negotiations, and continue to create demand for more advanced technology throughout the business. Global outsourcing occurs when a business decides specific contract tasks or services to other businesses. Global outsourcing comes as a result of economic necessity, and transpires when a company specializing in the service or product that can perform or produce a more cost-efficient than a larger company. Projects of this great company submitted to the company more cost efficient. What many do not realize that it is important to enter into contracts and contract negotiations when outsourcing to a successful transaction. Global outsourcing is enabling business without barriers in aShow MoreRelatedOutsourcing: Staying Competitive In The Global Market Essays1719 Words   |  7 Pagesquality of customer service provided, security of confidential information, and the possibilities of cost savings, in order to be sure that outsourcing is the best solution for their company. Outsourcing to Stay Competitive For companies to stay competitive in todays global market, many are facing the decision to outsource sectors of their company. By taking a part of their business offshore, a company can lower their bottom line and enter markets they were not able to reach before. However,Read MoreInvestment Banks and Globalization1000 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Global reach and local know how investment banks and globalization.† â€Å"Investment banks are facing many challenges, not least the need to become global in scope and ambition, but local in understanding and execution†. (Comments on the article by Anshu Jain, head of Deutsche Banks Global Markets Division). In the article the main though is represented by a statement that: â€Å"We cannot easily talk about alternatives to globalisation in investment banking; only of the different strategiesRead MoreHuman Resources Outsourcing Strategy, Questions and Answers1317 Words   |  5 PagesQ.1 Discover the role of Human Resource (HR) outsourcing strategy to encounter the requisite for a more nimble personnel. Answer: Human Resources (HR) outsourcing strategy impulses to modify the concept of how talent is manage by the contribution of firms. To produce more agile workforce, a leading HR outsourcing discourse the requirement of efficient skills in an effective business environment. It improves the brand of employer and determine how outside world perceived by the workforce of company’sRead MorePros and Cons for Outsourcing1710 Words   |  7 PagesThe Pros and Cons of Outsourcing services in the US By Berend Schoute (1713035), student of the VU university Amsterdam. INTRODUCTION Hillary Clinton, I dont know what reality the Bush administration is living in, but its certainly not the reality I represent, from one end of New York to the other. This response came on the statement of the head of U.S. President George W. Bushs Council of Economic Advisers, Gregory Mankiw. He said: outsourcing is just a new way of doing international Read MoreProfessional Sales Team, And Questions About Delivery Drivers And Customer Service Agents1500 Words   |  6 Pagesdelivery is very important and learning from them if there is something we can do better to help them out or help improve ourselves is also important. So sending out surveys or finding out any kind of feedback for both ends is important. Though outsourcing services to other countries might influence the customer service level that the organization plans to reach, it is possible and can be done in timely manner. In choosing the location to outsource services, the political, educational and economicRead MoreDiscuss the Impact of Overseas Outsourcing Essay513 Words   |  3 PagesIn researching this subject it seems that outsourcing work overseas has a positive and negative effect on the US economy for a few different reasons. The most important I feel is taking the jobs away from the people in the United States. As we all know, especially at this time, jobs are not easy to find. There are some people that are under qualified for jobs available in the US that these jobs we are outsourcing could be done by these under qualified individuals. Companies’ main reason for thisRead MoreA CIOs Framework for Outsourcing IT Infrastructure1665 Words   |  7 PagesEvaluating Outsourcing IT Infrastructure Decisions: Considerations for Chief Information Officers (CIOs) Introduction The decision to outsource the critical infrastructure platform of an enterprise, which often includes support for enterprise applications essential for the business ot function, is one with long-range, strategic implications. The role of the CIO is quickly changing to be a strategist first and technologist second, concentrating on how IT infrastructure can be successfully usedRead MoreEssay on Indian Bpos Waking Up to the Philippines Opportunity?1535 Words   |  7 Pagesdiscussed in the opening profile and throughout this chapter, impacted jobs outsourcing in the BPO Industry? According to the Business Dictionary, Economic downturn is a situation in which the economy of a country experiences a sudden shift brought on by a financial crisis. (as cited on Business Dictionary.com. Retrieved 6.10.12.Copyright ©2012 Web Finance, Inc. All Rights Reserved) â€Å" Business process outsourcing (BPO) is the practice of using a third party, contracted to perform specificRead MoreGlobalization : Multinational Corporations ( Mncs )1270 Words   |  6 Pagesinternationalization and interdependence within the global landscape (Shapiro, 2014; Cho Lee, 2004). As a result, MNCs are able to penetrate markets, in an attempt to minimize costs, acquire materials, pursue knowledge, and take advantage of inadequacies within the financial market (Shapiro, 2014; Harrison Elaydi, 2014). Additionally, there are numerous advantages and risks that can be stifled when a domestic firm transitions into the global marketplace. However, despite their efforts and dueRead MoreEssay about Lego Case1303 Words   |  6 Pages1. What were LEGO’s main expectations and learnings from the relationship with Flextronics? Prior to the Flextronics offshore outsourcing project, LEGO had a very tight control of all the elements of the value chain. Their production plants were expansive and specialized which, in theory, would create a higher degree of standardization. Their Swiss factories only produced DUPLO toys and Technic products, their Danish factory solely produced LEGO System products, and the U.S. facility focused on

Michael Harper The Waterbowl Essay Example For Students

Michael Harper The Waterbowl Essay I have selected the poem titled â€Å"The Waterbowl† by Michael S. Harper from his collection Dear John, Dear Coltrane. Part of the reason why I have selected this poem is for its simplicity. Simplicity is a quality that I truly value in poem. I feel that poetry is left much more to the unsaid and the senses which the words of the poem trigger. In â€Å"The Waterbowl,† the simplicity of the poem can be seen through the elementary vocabulary used in each short line. The line breaks also add on to the whole simplicity effect by creating short lines with one main idea for every two lines, â€Å"†¦her eyes had turned the color of okra†¦there is no love in those eyes†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This break down allows the reader to easily process the information. In addition, more weight is given to each image and detail because of the emphasis that the line break creates and gives. One aspect that I really like about this poem is the use of concrete details to create an image. Since I find it hard to do this in my own poetry, I felt that â€Å"The Waterbowl† was a good poem to look at since it uses this literary tool to make the poem work. Harper offers concrete details such as â€Å"her eyes turned the color of okra,† â€Å"I took her pock-boned jaws,† â€Å"a mussel clamped into darkness,† and â€Å"two matchsticks in a bowl of water.† All these details are concrete and are able to create an image for the reader. The paradoxical or ironic thing is that Harper uses these concrete images to lead the reader to an abstract image of â€Å"there is no love in those eyes, only loss, pregnant with intelligent shame.† Lastly, another aspect of â€Å"The Waterbowl† is the use of metaphors. The most interesting part of the use of metaphors is to be able to draw similarities between two things that do not seem to have anything in common. For example, Harper compares eyes to waterbowls. Who would have thought of a pai r of eyes as a container of water? However, this comparison works because eyes are containers of tears and that is what the poem is describing. Harper then takes this metaphor further by adding in the matchsticks, â€Å"†¦her eyes two matchsticks in a bowl of water,† which he compared to a pair of eyes so tightly shut, â€Å"like a mussel clamped into darkness,† that they are reduced to a mere slit which resemble matchsticks. In addition the simile â€Å"like a mussel clamped into darkness† which Harper uses to describe the tightly shut eyes is a very effective comparison because mussels are very known for their unyielding strength to hold their shell shut, it is one of nature’s defensive mechanisms. And in a way, Harper is also associating this idea of the defense mechanism when he compares the sad eyes to the mussels it closes itself to separate itself from the outside world and to protect itself from getting hurt. With Harper’s use of the metaphor, simile, and concrete details, the poem, â€Å"The Waterbowl† succeeds in creating the image of â€Å"there is no love in those eyes, only loss, pregnant with intelligent shame.†Bibliography:

abstract Essays (1332 words) - Cross-cultural Psychology

Abstract This collection of articles was originally inspired by several presentations at CATaC'041 and subsequent critical discussion of their use of the frameworks for cultural analyses developed by Edward T. Hall (1966, 1976) and Gert Hofstede (e.g., 1980, 1991). In response to these presentations and discussion, we developed this special thematic section for the Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication. Introduction The thematic questions that guided this collection are: 1.To what extent are the now widely used?but also seriously criticized?frameworks for cultural analysis provided by Hall and Hofstede fruitful for cross-cultural and intercultural communication in CMC environments? and 2.How have CMC scholars and researchers developed, modified, and/or created alternative frameworks for analyzing cultural dimensions of online communication? While each of the articles collected here can stand on its own, together they build a coherent response to these questions. In particular, they help to define more clearly those domains of online intercultural communication research that are well served by Hall's and Hofstede's frameworks, and those that are more fruitfully examined using alternative frameworks. Corresponding roughly to the two questions above, the articles in this collection are organized into two sections. The articles included in Section I?Hall, Hofstede, and CMC: Applications and Contemporary Research?both individually and collectively build an extensive literature review of the significance of Hall's and Hofstede's frameworks for cultural analysis in the research and findings of several disciplines, including marketing and various foci of CMC, such as HCI and organizational studies. This review highlights the most important critical limitations of these frameworks, including the limitations of Hofstede's original research database (i.e., to IBM employees) as a basis for generalizations regarding national culture, and questions surrounding the apparent assumptions regarding culture as fixed, essential, and synonymous with national cultures. Given these limitations, however, each of the authors then demonstrates in compelling ways that Hall and Hofstede still function wel l for at least certain kinds of online research. Perhaps the most notable such research is that related to the graphic elements of advertising websites, e.g., for universities (Hermeking) and multinational corporations (W?rtz), that are localized in ways clearly consistent with Hall's and Hofstede's cultural analyses. At the same time, three of the studies show that the correlations found between culture and media use?as predicted on the basis of Hofstede's axes of individualism and uncertainty avoidance (Callahan; Barnett & Sung) and Hall's distinction between monochrons and polychrons (Lee)?do show up, but in ways that are statistically weak. These results both confirm and identify the critical limits of Hall's and Hofstede's work. They also make clear that, as any number of critics points out, cultural analyses resting on such relatively simple dichotomies may be too simple for dealing with the real-world complexities of culture. Hence, in section II?Critical Turns, Alternative Frameworks?we turn to research and reflection that point beyond Hall and Hofstede. These articles develop first alternatives that may prove more useful for researchers attempting to come to grips with the complexities of culture online, including in specific contexts such as online classrooms and collaborative workgroups. Hall, Hofstede, and CMC?Applications and Contemporary Research The collection opens with five articles that provide helpful overviews of the now extensive literature on Hall, Hofstede, and CMC, and demonstrate in their analyses how far Hofstede and Hall succeed as frameworks for fruitful and insightful analysis. Marc Hermeking begins by reviewing the importance of Hofstede's dimensions in marketing literature and research. In particular, he shows striking correlations between two of Hofstede's dimensions?individualsm (vs. collectivism) and uncertainty avoidance?and Internet use both globally and within the European Union and Scandinavian countries. There appears to be a strong positive correlation between Individualism and Internet usage, and a strong negative correlation between high Uncertainty Avoidance and Internet usage. These correlations have been noted in numerous earlier studies conducted on a global scale (e.g., Maitland & Bauer 2001) and are further supported in this issue by the statistical analyses of Barnett and Sung (see below). As Hermeking goes on to note, however, a first series of critiques of Hall and Hofstede's work rests on the basic notion of 'culture' presumed in their work, a concept rooted specifically in the Functionalist theories of culture initially developed by Clyde Kluckhohn (e.g., 1949). A central critique of Hofstede's work is that it relies on

Baskin Robbins Franchise Essay Example

Baskin Robbins Franchise Essay Example Baskin Robbins Franchise Paper Baskin Robbins Franchise Paper Baskin Robbins Franchise Started in 1945 by two brothers-in-law Irvine Robbins and Burton Baskin, Baskin-Robbins has developed from two separate stores owned by the two entrepreneurs to one of the biggest ice cream franchising companies in the United States of America. They officially named the company Baskin-Robbins in 1953 and merged to introduce different flavors for each day of the month. Presently, the company has its headquarters in Massachusetts and is listed on the Australian Stock Exchange. There are plans to expand the company’s outlets across the United States and internationally (Liebenson, paragraph 6). Baskin-Robbins has over 5500 stores globally with 3,358 of these within the United States of America. In these other countries, the company specializes in local flavors that the consumers there will easily enjoy. Baskin-Robbins came up with the franchising project many years ago, a model that has proven to be successful over the years looking at the amount of successes the company has achieved. However, it is important to note that the company does not offer sub-franchising terms to possible franchisees. To counter this restriction, the franchisees are allowed to grow other outlets within their prescribed territories. There are preferred types of locations where franchisees are advised to build their outlets. These include regional malls, free-standing buildings and strip centers. This franchising initiative has enabled many growing entrepreneurs to associate themselves with a successful company over the years, and see how their input has developed the company. Where the franchisee needs financial aid in making his dream come true, the company has developed several mechanisms in collaboration with some financial institutions to provide loans for franchisees. Examples of the types of loans on offer are equipment loans, real estate loans and business acquisition loans (Baskin-Robbins.com paragraph 49). Name: : Lab Number: Summary Franchise Form Name of Franchise: Baskin-Robbins Franchise Ownership of Franchisor: Publicly Traded? : Yes Stock Exchange: Australian Stock Exchange (ASX). Stock Price in $: on February , 2013. Franchise Locations: Regional: 554 National: 3,358 International: 6000 How Many Locations: 8600 Any Locations in Billings? Yes If Yes, How Many 2 How Does One Become An Owner Of A Franchise (Franchisee)? Explain Briefly: Costs: Least net price of $ 300,000. Cash Input of $ 100,000. Mean total input of $ 250,000. Royalties: 5-5.9% Other fees: First franchise contribution: $ 40,000 Mean franchise contribution: $40,000 Advertising charge: $ 5% Estimated Annual Income for a franchisee site: $290, 554 Territory Exclusion? No. Explain: This is to encourage competition between the different outlets as they promote company products. Are You Doing Your Presentation On An International Franchise? Yes Country: Unites States of America. City: Massachusetts, Canton BaskinRobbins. Franchise Opportunities. In BaskinRobbins.com. December 2013. Web. February 18, 2013. Chaudhuri, Saabira. Gasparro, Annie. Dunkin’ to Expand to California. In Wall Street Journal Online. January 16, 2013. Web. February 18, 2013. Horovitz, Bruce. Holiday Flavors Keep Getting Weird. In Usatoday.com. November 18, 2012. Web. February 18, 2013. Liebenson, Donald. Business profile: Baskin Robbins in Deerfield. In Chicago Tribune. February 5, 2013. Web. February 18, 2013. World of Franchising. Baskin-Robbins. World of Franchising.com.2012. Print. February 18, 2013.

Transcription of the 2005 Kenyon Commencement Address Essay

Transcription of the 2005 Kenyon Commencement Address - Essay Example This clearly indicates that almost all thoughts are self-centered, which gets in the way of appropriate thinking as per the author’s argument. All points that the author presents make sense. Wallace is correct when he maintains that thinking should be acquiring the capacity to exercise some sense of control with respect to what people think. This can also be said to be being conscious of what to pay attention to as well as choosing how to construct meaning from life’s experiences. These claims are correct. In addition, people should interpret the real meaning of education as a way of guiding people on how to live consciously and how to avoid being a slave to the default setting. For instance, Wallace states that the default setting makes people think that daily activities such as daily traffic and lengthy queues at supermarket checkouts are frustrating. If a person views this situation as still frustrating to the other people in the supermarket queues, there would be a sense of appropriate thinking. I can confirm that traffic and supermarket queues are the most frustrating experiences for me. I think people should alter their modes of thinking. This is because even the other person could be thinking that I am in their way. In fact, maybe â€Å"the Hummer that just cut me off is maybe being driven by a father whose little child is hurt or sick in the seat next to him, and he's trying to get this kid to the hospital, and he's in a bigger, more legitimate hurry than I am: it is actually I who am in HIS way†.

Course financial planning and control Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4750 words

Course financial planning and control - Essay Example As per Robert Bootle, Economic advisor, Mondaq, 'coming years will present plenty of opportunities for London's financial hub and it will be positioned as number one in the world. The ongoing globalization process will open new international markets. London has a strong track record for developing and trading new products. It is positioned European centre for new financial services. But there is an emerging threat from new Asian Global Financial centres. However once China and India, the two major new players, gets richer, they will turn to UK, thus helping the growth of the UK's financial services sector. In UK consumer spending regained momentum and along with other sectors gives sign of recovery of UK economy over past few years. At the start of 1990s the financial services sector accounted for 5% of the GDP, whereas now it stands at 9%. It's total assets at the year ending of 2005 stands to 5,988,300, compared to it's competitors GE Capital UK Funding (8,058,303), Provident Financial PLC (1,979,300) CW Lending Ltd. (2,616,735) and Cattles PLC (1,925,918). It has 115,920,724 nos. of shares at a market cap 738,415,012. It's net tangible assets stands at 5,917,600 compared to GE Capital UK Fundings 4,702,618, CW Lending Ltd.'s ,2,498,929, Provident Financial PLC's 1,348,600 and Cattles PLC's 1,469,941. ... igher than most of the other competitors like Provident Financial PLC (5%), Cattles PLC (3%)employed @7%, which is slightly lower to GE capital UK Funding (8%) and CW lending Ltd (9%), but higher than most of the other competitors like Provident Financial PLC (5%), Cattles PLC (3%) The company is in the business of: 1. Car Finance 2. Home improvement finance 3. Mortgages 4. Personal Finance and 5. Retail Finance. As per the statement of Jonathan P. L. Perry, Chairman, published in company's Annual Report; the group has performed strongly in the year 2005, produced growth in profit and loan assets. The Groups strategy of multi-brand products yielded good result. Paragon Mortgage Trust brand is well developed. The housing loan market is strong and expanding. The company has reduced its portfolio risks by reducing consumer loan from 36% in 2002 to 13.4% in 2005.Unsecured personal loan also is reduced from 319.9 million at 30th Sept 2002 to 180 million at 30 September 2005, which is 2.8% of the total loan book. With the surplus funds company has repurchased 1,790,000 shares and has a 20 million repurchase program. The risks perceived are: global economic shut down and prolonged slowdown in household borrowing growth. Now analyzing the financial statements for last 5 years: We find that the Return on shareholder's Funds are reducing over the years except in the year 2004 when there was a slight recovery. (1999 - 29.78, 2000 - 25.78, 2001 - 24.32, 2002 - 22.91, 2003 - 23.04, 2004 - 26.45, 2005 - 24.94). Whereas the Return on shareholders fund shown by Provident Financial PLC is much higher at in the range of 57.19 to 60.08 during last 4 years. Net tangible assets are increasing over the years making it to the highest at 5,917,600 in the year 2005. The liquidity ratio is